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直升机动部件寿命管理的损伤容限方法

柳文林,穆志韬,段成美

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第2期   页码 76-80

摘要：

讨论了直升机动部件寿命管理中的安全寿命法和损伤容限法，以及基于安全寿命法的裂纹容限法和基于损伤容限法的缺陷容限法；重点介绍了安全寿命法的两大缺点和损伤容限法中要解决的三方面问题；比较了损伤容限法应用于直升机动部件与应用于固定翼飞机的不同点；回顾了国内外损伤容限法的发展历史和研究现状；介绍了损伤容限寿命管理方法的主要工作；展望了亟待解决的一些问题。

关键词： 直升机     损伤容限     寿命管理     无损检测    

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Cracking evolution behaviors of lightweight materials based on

Y. Luo, S. C. Wu, Y. N. Hu, Y. N. Fu

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第13卷 第4期   页码 461-481 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0481-2

摘要：

Damage accumulation and failure behaviors are crucial concerns during the design and service of a critical component, leading researchers and engineers to thoroughly identifying the crack evolution. Third-generation synchrotron radiation X-ray computed microtomography can be used to detect the inner damage evolution of a large-density material or component. This paper provides a brief review of studying the crack initiation and propagation inside lightweight materials with advanced synchrotron three-dimensional (3D) X-ray imaging, such as aluminum materials. Various damage modes under both static and dynamic loading are elucidated for pure aluminum, aluminum alloy matrix, aluminum alloy metal matrix composite, and aluminum alloy welded joint. For aluminum alloy matrix, metallurgical defects (porosity, void, inclusion, precipitate, etc.) or artificial defects (notch, scratch, pit, etc.) strongly affect the crack initiation and propagation. For aluminum alloy metal matrix composites, the fracture occurs either from the particle debonding or voids at the particle/matrix interface, and the void evolution is closely related with fatigued cycles. For the hybrid laser welded aluminum alloy, fatigue cracks usually initiate from gas pores located at the surface or sub-surface and gradually propagate to a quarter ellipse or a typical semi-ellipse profile.

关键词： fatigue crack initiation and growth     fatigue damage mechanism     damage tolerance     defect characterization     laser welded aluminum alloys    

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Functional tolerance theory in incremental growth design

YANG Bo, ZE Xiangbo, YANG Tao

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第3期   页码 336-343 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0059-x

摘要： The evolutionary tolerance design strategy and its characteristics are studied on the basis of automation technology in the product structure design. To guarantee a successful transformation from the functional requirement to geometry constraints between parts, and finally to dimension constraints, a functional tolerance design theory in the process of product growth design is put forward. A mathematical model with a correlated sensitivity function between cost and the tolerance is created, in which the design cost, the manufacturing cost, the usage cost, and the depreciation cost of the product are regarded as control constraints of the tolerance allocation. Considering these costs, a multifactor-cost function to express quality loss of the product is applied into the model. In the mathematical model, the minimum cost is used as the objective function; a reasonable process capability index, the assembly function, and assembly quality are taken as the constraints; and depreciation cost in the objective function is expressed as the discount rate terminology in economics. Thus, allocation of the dimension tolerance as the function and cost over the whole lifetime of the product is realized. Finally, a design example is used to demonstrate the successful application of the proposed functional tolerance theory in the incremental growth design of the product.

关键词： successful transformation     mathematical     automation technology     tolerance allocation     minimum    

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TiO supported IrO for anode reversal tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 852-861 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0811-7

摘要： Fuel starvation can occur and cause damage to the cell when proton exchange membrane fuel cells operate under complex working conditions. In this case, carbon corrosion occurs. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts can alleviate carbon corrosion by introducing water electrolysis at a lower potential at the anode in fuel shortage. The mixture of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and unsupported OER catalyst not only reduces the electrolysis efficiency, but also influences the initial performance of the fuel cell. Herein, Ti4O7 supported IrOx is synthesized by utilizing the surfactant-assistant method and serves as reversal tolerant components in the anode. When the cell reverse time is less than 100 min, the cell voltage of the MEA added with IrOx/Ti4O7 has almost no attenuation. Besides, the MEA has a longer reversal time (530 min) than IrOx (75 min), showing an excellent reversal tolerance. The results of electron microscopy spectroscopy show that IrOx particles have a good dispersity on the surface of Ti4O7 and IrOx/Ti4O7 particles are uniformly dispersed on the anode catalytic layer. After the stability test, the Ti4O7 support has little decay, demonstrating a high electrochemical stability. IrOx/Ti4O7 with a high dispersity has a great potential to the application on the reversal tolerance anode of the fuel cell.

关键词： proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)     fuel starvation     cell reverse     reversal tolerance anode     oxygen evolution reaction    

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APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第2期

摘要：

Drought stress typically causes heavy losses in apple production and uncovering the mechanisms by which apple tolerates drought stress is important in apple breeding. MdSIZ1 is a SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) E3 ligase that promotes SUMO binding to substrate proteins. Here, we demonstrate that MdSIZ1 in apple has a negative relationship with drought tolerance. MdSIZ1 RNAi transgenic apple trees had a higher survival rate after drought stress. During drought stress they had higher leaf water potential, reduced ion leakage, lower H2O2 and malondialdehyde contents, and higher catalase activity. In addition, MdSIZ1 RNAi transgenic plants had a higher net photosynthetic rate during the latter period of drought stress. Finally, the transgenic apple trees also altered expression levels of some microRNAs in response to drought stress. Taken together, these results indicate that apple MdSIZ1 negatively regulates drought stress by enhancing leaf water-holding capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity.

 

关键词： apple / drought tolerance / gene expression / MdSIZ1    

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A Robust Tolerance Design Method Based on Fuzzy Quality Loss

CAO Yan-long, MAO Jian, YANG Jiang-xin, WU Zhao-tong, WU Li-qun

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年 第1卷 第1期   页码 101-105 doi: 10.1007/s11465-005-0010-y

摘要：

The traditional tolerance design model ignores the impact of noise factor, so that the design may be infeasible due to variations in design constraints. Based on the analysis of fuzzy factors in tolerance design and the limitations of the traditional Taguchi squared quality loss function, a fuzzy quality loss function model utilizing fuzzy theory was introduced. Concepts on fuzzy quality loss and fuzzy quality loss cost were proposed in the model. The characteristics of the new model and the advantages over the traditional Taguchi quality loss function were analyzed. A robust tolerance design model using a fuzzy quality loss function was proposed. An example was given to illustrate the proposed model. Results and comparisons show that the method is suitable and reliable, and makes the conclusions more objective and reasonable.

关键词： impact     function     robust tolerance     suitable     quality    

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Spectral reflectance indices as proxies for yield potential and heat stress tolerance in spring wheat

Caiyun LIU, Francisco PINTO, C. Mariano COSSANI, Sivakumar SUKUMARAN, Matthew P. REYNOLDS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第3期   页码 296-308 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019269

摘要：

The application of spectral reflectance indices (SRIs) as proxies to screen for yield potential (YP) and heat stress (HS) is emerging in crop breeding programs. Thus, a comparison of SRIs and their associations with grain yield (GY) under YP and HS conditions is important. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of 27 SRIs for indirect selection for agronomic traits by evaluating an elite spring wheat association mapping initiative (WAMI) population comprising 287 elite lines under YP and HS conditions. Genetic and phenotypic analysis identified 11 and 9 SRIs in different developmental stages as efficient indirect selection indices for yield in YP and HS conditions, respectively. We identified enhanced vegetation index (EVI) as the common SRI associated with GY under YP at booting, heading and late heading stages, whereas photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were the common SRIs under booting and heading stages in HS. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 18704 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Illumina iSelect 90K identified 280 and 43 marker-trait associations for efficient SRIs at different developmental stages under YP and HS, respectively. Common genomic regions for multiple SRIs were identified in 14 regions in 9 chromosomes: 1B (60–62 cM), 3A (15, 85–90, 101–105 cM), 3B (132–134 cM), 4A (47–51 cM), 4B (71–75 cM), 5A (43–49, 56–60, 89–93 cM), 5B (124–125 cM), 6A (80–85 cM), and 6B (57–59, 71 cM). Among them, SNPs in chromosome 5A (89–93 cM) and 6A (80–85 cM) were co-located for yield and yield related traits. Overall, this study highlights the utility of SRIs as proxies for GY under YP and HS. High heritability estimates and identification of marker-trait associations indicate that SRIs are useful tools for understanding the genetic basis of agronomic and physiological traits.

关键词： genome-wide association study (GWAS)     heat tolerance     spectral reflectance     spring wheat    

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Polyamines and antioxidant defense system are associated with cold tolerance in centipedegrass

Jingjing CHEN, Junyang FANG, Zhenfei GUO, Shaoyun LU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第1期   页码 129-138 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017197

摘要： Physiological responses to low temperature were analyzed in a chilling-tolerant centipedegrass ( ) accession, Shao Guan (SG), in comparison to the commercial cultivar, Common. Lower levels of ion leakage and higher chlorophyll (Chl) concentration were observed in SG than in Common during chilling stress. The maximum photochemical efficiency, the actual photosystem II (PSII) efficiency, photochemical quenching efficiency, and net photosynthetic rate were decreased during chilling stress in both genotypes, with higher levels of these parameters shown by SG than Common. In addition, higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate-peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), and higher concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) were observed in SG than in Common. Moreover, higher concentrations of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) were observed in SG than in Common. Correlation analysis indicated that SOD, CAT, APX and GR activities, and AsA and GSH concentrations showed high correlation to Put, while APX, GR, and AsA concentrations were correlated to Spd. Exogenous Put or Spd increased antioxidant enzyme activities and chilling tolerance. The results suggested that polyamine-regulated antioxidants are important for chilling tolerance in centipedegrass and protect plants against chilling induced oxidative damage.

关键词： antioxidants     centipedegrass     chilling     photosynthesis     polyamines    

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Windborne debris damage prediction analysis

Fangfang SONG, Jinping OU,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 326-330 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0067-5

摘要： Windborne debris is one of the most important causes of the envelop destruction according to the post-damage investigations. The problem of windborne debris damage could be summarized as three parts, including windborne debris risk analysis, debris flying trajectories, and impact resistance of envelope analysis. The method of debris distribution is developed. The flying trajectories of compact and plate-like debris are solved by using a numerical method according to the different aerodynamic characteristics. The impact resistance of the envelopes is also analyzed. Besides, the process of windborne debris damage analysis is described in detail. An example of industrial building is given to demonstrate the whole method by using the observed data of typhoon Chanchu (2006). The method developed in this paper could be applied to risk assessment of windborne debris for structures in wind hazard.

关键词： typhoon     windborne debris     structural envelopes     damage estimation    

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Corrosion damage assessment and monitoring of large steel space structures

Bo CHEN, You-Lin XU, Weilian QU,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 354-369 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0088-0

摘要： Large steel space structures, when exposed to a harsh corrosive environment, are inevitably subjected to atmospheric corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. This paper proposes a framework for assessing the corrosion damage of large steel space structures subjected to both stress corrosion cracking and atmospheric corrosion. The empirical model for estimating atmospheric corrosion based on measured information is briefly introduced. The proposed framework is applied to a real large steel space structure built in the southern coastal area in China to assess its corrosion damage and investigate the effects of atmospheric corrosion on stress corrosion cracking. Based on the results, the conceptual design of the corrosion monitoring system of large steel space structures is finally conducted as the first step for a real corrosion monitoring system.

关键词： large steel space structure     atmospheric corrosion     stress corrosion cracking     corrosion damage     damage assessment     monitoring system    

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Detection of damage locations and damage steps in pile foundations using acoustic emissions with deep

Alipujiang JIERULA, Tae-Min OH, Shuhong WANG, Joon-Hyun LEE, Hyunwoo KIM, Jong-Won LEE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 318-332 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0715-y

摘要： The aim of this study is to propose a new detection method for determining the damage locations in pile foundations based on deep learning using acoustic emission data. First, the damage location is simulated using a back propagation neural network deep learning model with an acoustic emission data set acquired from pile hit experiments. In particular, the damage location is identified using two parameters: the pile location ( ) and the distance from the pile cap ( ). This study investigates the influences of various acoustic emission parameters, numbers of sensors, sensor installation locations, and the time difference on the prediction accuracy of and . In addition, correlations between the damage location and acoustic emission parameters are investigated. Second, the damage step condition is determined using a classification model with an acoustic emission data set acquired from uniaxial compressive strength experiments. Finally, a new damage detection and evaluation method for pile foundations is proposed. This new method is capable of continuously detecting and evaluating the damage of pile foundations in service.

关键词： pile foundations     damage location     acoustic emission     deep learning     damage step    

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FTRP：基于进程复制和预取的高性能计算容错框架 Research

Wei HU, Guang-ming LIU, Yan-huang JIANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第19卷 第10期   页码 1273-1290 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601450

摘要： 为此，提出一种基于进程复制和预取的高性能计算容错框架—FTRP（fault tolerance framework using process replication and prefetching），

关键词： 高性能计算；主动容错；故障局部性；进程复制；进程预取    

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PTRLEA7, A LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT FAMILY GENE FROM PONCIRUS TRIFOLIATA, CONFERS ENHANCED DROUGHT TOLERANCE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第2期

摘要：

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes encode highly hydrophilic proteins that are essential in abiotic stress responses. However, most LEA genes in higher plants have not yet been investigated. This study identified an LEA family gene (PtrLEA7) from Poncirus trifoliata and studied its function in drought tolerance. The full-length coding sequence of PtrLEA7 was 420 bp encoding a protein of 139 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis shows that PtrLEA7 protein belongs to the LEA_4 subfamily. Expression profiling by qPCR found that PtrLEA7 was strongly induced by dehydration, cold and ABA treatments, and slightly induced by salt stress. Subcellular localization reveals that PtrLEA7 protein was located in both cytoplasm and nucleus. To investigate its function, transgenic plants of both tobacco and Poncirus trifoliata overexpressing PtrLEA7 were obtained. Stress tolerance assays show that overexpression lines had enhanced dehydration and drought tolerance compared with wild type plants, indicating that PtrLEA7 positively regulates drought tolerance. In addition, transgenic plants had much higher expression levels of three antioxidant enzyme genes (CAT, SOD and POD) and significantly increased catalase enzyme activity, accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation in comparison with wild type plants. Collectively, this study demonstrates that PtrLEA7 can confer enhanced drought tolerance partially via enhancing antioxidant capacity.

 

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Creep life assessment of aero-engine recuperator based on continuum damage mechanics approach

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0702-6

摘要： The creep life of an aeroengine recuperator is investigated in terms of continuum damage mechanics by using finite element simulations. The effects of the manifold wall thickness and creep properties of brazing filler metal on the operating life of the recuperator are analyzed. Results show that the crack initiates from the brazing filler metal located on the outer surface of the manifold with the wall thickness of 2 mm and propagates throughout the whole region of the brazing filler metal when the creep time reaches 34900 h. The creep life of the recuperator meets the requirement of 40000 h continuous operation when the wall thickness increases to 3.5 mm, but its total weight increases by 15%. Decreasing the minimum creep strain rate with the enhancement of the creep strength of the brazing filler metal presents an obvious effect on the creep life of the recuperator. At the same stress level, the creep rupture time of the recuperator is enhanced by 13 times if the mismatch between the minimum creep rate of the filler and base metal is reduced by 20%.

关键词： creep     life assessment     brazed joint     continuum damage mechanics     aeroengine recuperator    

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Bacterial inactivation, DNA damage, and faster ATP degradation induced by ultraviolet disinfection

Chao Yang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1192-6

摘要： • Long amplicon is more effective to test DNA damage induced by UV. • ATP in bacteria does not degrade instantly but does eventually after UV exposure. • After medium pressure UV exposure, ATP degraded faster. The efficacy of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection has been validated in numerous studies by using culture-based methods. However, the discovery of viable but non-culturable bacteria has necessitated the investigation of UV disinfection based on bacterial viability parameters. We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to investigate DNA damage and evaluated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to indicate bacterial viability. The results of qPCR effectively showed the DNA damage induced by UV when using longer gene amplicons, in that sufficiently long amplicons of both 16S and gadA indicated that the UV induced DNA damages. The copy concentrations of the long amplicons of 16S and gadA decreased by 2.38 log/mL and 1.88 log/mL, respectively, after exposure to 40 mJ/cm2 low-pressure UV. After UV exposure, the ATP level in the bacteria did not decrease instantly. Instead it decreased gradually at a rate that was positively related to the UV fluence. For low-pressure UV, this rate of decrease was slow, but for medium pressure UV, this rate of decrease was relatively high when the UV fluence reached 40 mJ/cm2. At the same UV fluence, the ATP level in the bacteria decreased at a faster rate after exposure to medium-pressure UV.

关键词： UV disinfection     DNA damage     qPCR     ATP    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

直升机动部件寿命管理的损伤容限方法

柳文林,穆志韬,段成美

期刊论文

Cracking evolution behaviors of lightweight materials based on

Y. Luo, S. C. Wu, Y. N. Hu, Y. N. Fu

期刊论文

Functional tolerance theory in incremental growth design

YANG Bo, ZE Xiangbo, YANG Tao

期刊论文

TiO supported IrO for anode reversal tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

期刊论文

APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

期刊论文

A Robust Tolerance Design Method Based on Fuzzy Quality Loss

CAO Yan-long, MAO Jian, YANG Jiang-xin, WU Zhao-tong, WU Li-qun

期刊论文

Spectral reflectance indices as proxies for yield potential and heat stress tolerance in spring wheat

Caiyun LIU, Francisco PINTO, C. Mariano COSSANI, Sivakumar SUKUMARAN, Matthew P. REYNOLDS

期刊论文

Polyamines and antioxidant defense system are associated with cold tolerance in centipedegrass

Jingjing CHEN, Junyang FANG, Zhenfei GUO, Shaoyun LU

期刊论文

Windborne debris damage prediction analysis

Fangfang SONG, Jinping OU,

期刊论文

Corrosion damage assessment and monitoring of large steel space structures

Bo CHEN, You-Lin XU, Weilian QU,

期刊论文

Detection of damage locations and damage steps in pile foundations using acoustic emissions with deep

Alipujiang JIERULA, Tae-Min OH, Shuhong WANG, Joon-Hyun LEE, Hyunwoo KIM, Jong-Won LEE

期刊论文

FTRP：基于进程复制和预取的高性能计算容错框架

Wei HU, Guang-ming LIU, Yan-huang JIANG

期刊论文

PTRLEA7, A LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT FAMILY GENE FROM PONCIRUS TRIFOLIATA, CONFERS ENHANCED DROUGHT TOLERANCE

期刊论文

Creep life assessment of aero-engine recuperator based on continuum damage mechanics approach

期刊论文

Bacterial inactivation, DNA damage, and faster ATP degradation induced by ultraviolet disinfection

Chao Yang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

期刊论文